Only a few miles away from the "tourist spots" the scars remain....
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After the fall of Communism, nationalist parties of the member states of Yugoslavia widely won the elections in 1990. In 1991, Slowenia and Croatia declared independancy, Bosnia-Herzegowina and Macedonia followed only a few months after. Serbia and Montenegro formed a new union, the Federal Republic of Yugoslawia. But because of mixed ethnicities in the new states resulting in border disputes, a brutal war began in 1992. The Serbs wanted to include large parts of Bosnia inhabited by a majority of ethnic Serbs into their state. Croatia tried the same with Bosnian regions with Croatian populations while the Bosnians, mostly muslims, tried to establish a state based on multicultural understanding.
Between April and September 1992, bosnian Serbs conquered most of the Bosnian territory. Croatians and Muslims formed an alliance against the Serbian forces. This alliance crumpled in the beginning of 1993 when the bosnian Croatians proclaimed an individual state while the Muslims still worked towards a multicultural government. A second war between Croatians and Muslims followed. In March 1994, international negotiations unified both parties again. Just to take up the war against Serbia with full force again leading to a stand-off situation, the basis for the Dayton peace negotiations.

250.000 people died. About 80% were Bosnian Muslims that fell victim to the ethnical cleansings of the Serbs. More than 4.000.000 fled. About 20.000 people are still missing. In Bosnia-Herzegowina, more than 50% of all buildings and the whole infrastructure were destroyed. They still find mass graves.

In 1995 the war ended - officially....

... In 1997, Croatian nationalists evict Bosnians trying to move back into their houses in the city of Jajce. One Muslim dies.
... 1996-1999 Kosovo War.

And just a few days ago, nationalist parties of ethnic Serbians, Croatians and Muslims won majorities in their regions of Bosnia-Herzegowina....
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